FACTS:
- The cross-sectional study analyzed data from 2,264 participants (47% men) in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 at age 46.
- Higher coffee intake groups showed lower total and visceral fat and higher skeletal muscle mass, while BMI was similar across intake groups.
- Coffee intake was inversely correlated with circulating branched-chain amino acids in both men and women.
- In men, higher coffee intake was linked to a more favorable glucose-insulin profile.
- In men, higher coffee intake was independently associated with higher total testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin, but with lower free testosterone and free androgen index.
- In women, hormonal associations were more limited, showing higher SHBG and lower free testosterone and free androgen index, with no significant associations for total or bioavailable testosterone.
- The authors state the study is cross-sectional and cannot establish causality, and call for future longitudinal and intervention studies to confirm the findings.
SOURCE:
For the full breakdown in Springer Nature Link, click here.